So their charge is being reduced. So the cathode is where reduction is taking place. Reduction.

You could review Coulomb's laws videos in the physics playlist. But the idea is that an electron has a negative charge.

But once again, electrons can interact with other electrons.

But the whole notion of electrons, protons, they're all kind of predicated on this notion of charge. And we've talked about it before when we learned about Coulomb's law.

Unknown Electron Distribution

Have a positioning accuracy of less (better) than 0,003

So when I described the electron transport chain, you remember, it's just you have some high energy electrons in

As soon as we give the electronsa path through this circuit, the electronswill start traveling.

Draw electron shells

It wants to steal other people's electrons.

All of the electrons are hanging out here.

So let me draw those 6 electrons.

And these prices are actually with clean electrons.

Remember oxidation is losing, formally electrons.

And all that means is that these electrons, these extra electrons here, they can kind of move about between the different atoms.

As the electrons are flowing,you have these little electrons, and they'reflowing in this wire.

electronvolts

It has two electron pairs like that.

Each of these molecules gets oxidized in the electron transport chain as they lose their hydrogens or as they lose their electrons.

It is an enzyme that accepts electrons from electron transferring flavoprotein in the mitochondrial matrix, and uses these electrons to reduce ubiquinone.

It's already hogging his electrons.

you have something called the electron transport chain.

And in the process, theelectrons essentially slow down, right?

And how those electrons are configured, and how the electrons of other elements are configured, or maybe other atoms of that same element.

So one, maybe one of those, swipes an electron away from a carbon, and then this carbon will be having less electrons than protons, so then we'll have 5 electrons and 6 protons.

Now, this pair of electrons now forms another bond.

And then the final electron acceptor was oxygen.

We all know that electrons can get quite complex.

They start bumpinginto the other electrons in this material.

This enzyme transfers electrons directly from ubiquinol to oxygen.

And these electrons are jumping around this nucleus.

And this guy can share one of the phosphorus' extra electrons.

How badly do the electrons wantto get from here to here?

So if there's a high voltagedifference between these two terminals, then the electronsthat are sitting here, these electrons want to reallybadly get here, right?

This guy lost his electrons, so now he has a positive charge.

This isn't really what's happening when carbon bonds, so not what happens when carbon bonds. What's really happening when carbon bonds, and this will kind of go into the discussion of sp3 hybridization, but what you're going to see is it's not that complicated of a topic. It sounds very daunting, but it's actually pretty straightforward.

They start bumpinginto the other electrons in this material.

So essentially, the more thingsthat there are to bump into, or the less space thereare for the electrons to flow through, the more that thismaterial is going to slow down the electrons.

Franklin thought of the charge carrier as being positive, but he did not correctly identify which situation was a surplus of the charge carrier, and which situation was a deficit.

We still have this double bond right over there or that pair of electrons.

It's based on how many electrons an atom has, or a certain element has.

One of these electrons right over here, this can attack the substrate right over there, that carbon.

And so if it's the electron donor, what is it?

But you know the phosphate has five electrons to share.

The addition of electrons to FMN converts it to its reduced form, FMNH2.