Spines, which are modified leaves, are present on even those cacti with true leaves, showing the evolution of spines preceded the loss of leaves.

So to our blueprint, we need to add tuned spines.

Later ornithopods became more adapted to grazing on all fours their spines curved, and came to resemble the spines of modern ground feeders such as the bison.

Let's slow it down and you can see the spines in action.

And these spines don't always drive you to make the best choices.

Coordinated movements of the spines enable sand dollars to move across the seabed.

The books also have high packed LEDs on the spines. So it's all display.

But of course, we can deal with that because we can produce artificial spines.

At first, it was anabaritids and Protohertzina (the fossilized grasping spines of chaetognaths) fossils.

And where they have a problem with this kind of mesh, because they don't have spines.

The crabs are missing spines, so they have a problem in this kind of rough terrain.

Now just because we have a distributed foot and spines doesn't mean you can climb vertical surfaces.

We can make spines that catch on simulated debris and collapse on removal to easily pull them out.

The dorsal fin is short and possesses strong, serrated, fin spines, which are strong enough to inflict wounds.

The anal fin has two or three spines, and the pelvic fins one spine and five soft rays.

We did that by putting these artificial spines on crabs, as you see here, and then we tested them.

The castle is so tall that they must bend their heads back to their spines to see above it.

The pupa has rows of dorsal spines on the abdominal segments as in other lower members of the Heteroneura.

These tuned structures allow the spines, friction pads and ultimately the adhesive hairs to grab onto very challenging, difficult surfaces.

The caudal fin is separate, and the pectoral fins are rudimentary or entirely absent none of the fins has spines.

The next step is to make compliant toes, and try to add spines and claws and set it for dry adhesives.

The spines of the eight black CD cases lined up to show the prism from The Dark Side of the Moon .

The leaves are long, with spines on the petiole, and pinnate, with about 150 leaflets the leaflets are long and wide.

These allow paleontologists to examine the internal anatomy of animals, which in other sediments are only represented by shells, spines, claws, etc.

The body of the short beaked echidna is, with the exception of the underside, face and legs, covered with cream coloured spines.

Character evolution seems to be complex, with multiple gains and or losses of humeral spines, reduced hand webbing, and complete ventral transparency.

Members of the order have two dorsal fins, which usually possess spines, no anal fin or nictitating membrane, and five gill slits.

Once the pain has eased, the injury should be checked for the remains of broken spines, and any found need to be removed.

And one of the other things I'd been interested in and obsessed with over the years is spines and skeletons, having collected a couple of hundred.

RF So if you look carefully at this, what you see is that they have spines and until a few weeks ago, no one knew what they did.

He spent stints with local Little Rock punk bands such as The Visitors and Lucky Father Brown and is currently in the bands Two Spines and American Princes.

Stockier than the average blenny, labrisomids are elongated nonetheless their dorsal fin spines outnumber soft rays (which may be absent altogether), and their pelvic fins are long and slender.

Books with whitened spines were already being stored here at the time when the Jesuit Order used the building for its original purpose, which was to educate the people of Prague.

One day when I was only seven years old and fishing, I pulled a pinfish, they're called, with sharp dorsal spines, up too hard and fast, and I blinded myself in one eye.

As the name suggests, it is best known for the high neural spines on many of its vertebrae, which most likely supported a ridge of muscle over the animal's neck, back and hips.

Now if we look at animals, though, to be really maneuverable in all surfaces, the animals use hybrid mechanisms that include claws, and spines, and hairs, and pads, and glue, and capillary adhesion and a whole bunch of other things.